공민왕대 동녕부 전역(戰役) 고찰

초록

The Dongnyongbu campaign in the reign of King Kongmin refers to a series of military actions against Ulla mountain fortress and Liaoyang castle in the region of Liaodong beyond the Yalu river and nearby areas. This study aims to investigate the detailed progress of the campaign and cast new light upon the causes of the incident and its significance. The fundamental cause for King Kongmin's decision for the Dongnyongbu campaign is found in the fact that the Dongnyongbu forces of Ki Saeintimur posed a strong threat to the maintenance of the sovereign power of King Kongmin. The campaign, which was carried out twice, built the base in its first offensive, and attacked the stronghold of the enemy to break up the enemy forces of Dongnyongbu. Although various historical materials on this process mainly recorded in the Joseon Dynasty, brought into relief Yi Seonggye, it seems that in fact his position was only third in the order of combat command, not able to lead the whole process of the campaign. Through the offensives of two times, the campaign was successful by crashing down the forces of Ki Saeintimur. King Kongmin was able to get rid of the threat to his sovereignty, and reinforce his position and take the initiative in the political situation due to the military achievements. In terms of military institutions, the success reinforced the control over the northwest region of Goryeo and secured new resources of army by establishing five Manhobu and the Ikgoon system even after their initial introduction in the northwest region of Goryeo to carry out the campaign. Furthermore, King Kongmin could improve the Dotongsa system and establish it as a permanent institution, which raised his supreme command over military organization. On the other hand, the campaign also provided Yi Seonggye, a powerful warlord in the northeast region of Goryeo, with an opportunity to expand his influence. In summary, the campaign in question was an action to relieve the domestic instability triggered off by outside factors, rather than an attempt to extend the borders of Goryeo including overseas expansion and conquest. And we need to take of the fact that the effect was also more significant within Goryeo itself.

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