토픽모델링을 활용한 역대 대통령의 정책변화 분석

초록

The purpose of this study is to analyze changes in president's policy ideas, which is the most influential throughout the policy process at the national level. Especially, the president in Korea which is often called as ‘imperial presidency’ has been dominant in the agenda setting and decision making processes. This study explores 1) how 10 presidents’ policy ideas are construed by analyzing the congruence between main philosophical ideas of the president and the policy orientations represented in the presidential speeches, and 2) compares policy ideas of ten presidents. To this end, text analytics including structural topic modeling was applied to identify the distribution of topics by presidents, identify the policy orientation through key words of topics, and analyze changes in policy orientation centered on unification policy. As a result of the analysis, first, eight presidents except for S. Rhee and T. Roh showed his(her) own specific policy orientations, and simultaneously reflected various policy ideas in the philosophy of state administration. Second, while some topics representing a specific policy ideas are exclusively attached to an individual president, others are overlapping across multiple presidents. Third, the unification policy orientation showed a difference in the policy change patterns before and after democratization in Korea.

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