Recent trends in genomic selection for livestock

초록

Abstract. Genomic selection (GS) has emerged as a transformative tool in livestock breeding, enabling the accurate and efficient improvement of genetic traits. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent advancements in GS technologies, focusing on key innovations such as high-density single nucleotide polymorphism arrays, whole genome sequencing, and advanced imputation methods. Our review examines how GS is being applied across major livestock species, including cattle, swine, and poultry. These applications enhance productivity traits, while simultaneously improving disease resistance and environmental adaptability. This review highlights the integration of multi-omics data, spanning from genomics to microbiomics. Additionally, we emphasize the growing role of artificial intelligence in refining genetic evaluation models. The development of new trends holds promise for accelerating genetic improvements and broadening the range of traits that can be enhanced. The implementation of GS brings about hurdles such as requiring enhanced multi-omics data integration and improved genomic prediction models, while resolving ethical issues related to advanced breeding technologies, including genome editing. GS is poised to be an essential element for achieving sustainable livestock production. Improving the efficiency and climate resilience it will contribute to global food security and support long-term sustainability of animal agriculture.

키워드