유소년축구 TARGET 코칭 프로그램이 내적동기와 자아존중감, 또래관계에 미치는 영향

초록

The purpose of this study was to investigate how the TARGET program, which emphasizes the improvement of individual skills and tasks, affects children's intrinsic motivation, self-esteem, and peer relationships. First of all, the youth soccer TARGET program was developed based on the motivation guidelines proposed by Epstein (1988, 1989) to create mastery climate. 23 participants, second grade elementary school students, participating in the youth soccer club were selected as 12 TARGET group and 11 comparative group. A preliminary survey was conducted to verify the reliability and validity of the measurement tool and its suitability for the participants. The experimental design used the control group design of the non-isomorphic post-test of the quasi-experimental design. After the pre-measurement of both the TARGET group and the comparative group, the program was put in place only for the TARGET group, while the comparative group was taught only based on the experiential knowledge of the coach. Both groups proceeded a total of 15 sessions three times a week. After the post-measurements, an in-depth interview was conducted only for the TARGET group. For data analysis, 2 way mixed design ANOVA with repeated measure was performed, and the following results were obtained. First, the TARGET group was found to have higher competence than the comparative group. Second, the TARGET group was found to have lower tension than the comparative group. Third, the TARGET group was found to have higher school self-esteem than the comparative group. As a result of the in-depth interviews, first, children considered TARGRT program positive and perceived a mastery climate. Second, it was confirmed that the children's intrinsic motivation increased through contents such as 'joy', 'fun', 'happiness', 'effort', and 'dream'. Third, it was confirmed that self-esteem improved through contents such as 'increased confidence', 'become active', and 'expressing intention'. Fourth, it was found that peer relations also changed positively through 'apologizing first', 'reducing quarrels', and 'getting along with friends'. To summarize, the TARGET program had a positive effect on children's intrisic motivation, self-esteem, and peer relationships, and it can be used as an effective teaching strategy for the positive growth of children in the youth soccer field.

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