노무현, 이명박, 박근혜 대통령의 정책 프레임을 통한 주택정책 설계 분석

초록

Housing issues are the complex policy problem that run through the history of Korea. Despite numerous government policies to solve the problem, efforts have not been fruitful. To explore causes of constant policy failures, we focused on policy design consisting of policy orientation and policy tool logic. In particular, the focus is on the congruence of policy design - whether congruence among policy orientations, policy goals, and policy tools were made consistently - suggested by the key policy decision maker, the President. In order to do this, the study adopted network text analysis that is a suitable tool to analyze policy frames out of texts (i.e. the presidential speeches in this study). The study compared the housing policy design of the President Roh, Lee, and Park. First, while the President Roh showed two policy goals centering on state-led policy orientations, there was less congruent linkage between given policy goals and policy tools. Second, the President Lee promoted the market-driven policy orientation of economic development. There seemed to be congruent relations between the goal (i.e. market-driven housing ecomony) and the tool (i.e. deregulation). However, when it comes to the rental housing supply, the state-led policy tool was selected, which is incongruent with the market-based policy orientation. Finally, the President Park put ‘creative economy’ as policy orientation in the housing policy, but the link between the creative economy and the housing problem was ambiguous. In sum, less congruent policy design did not produce desirable policy results. The main reason for the policy design incongruence stems from overlooking the complex policy contexts surrounding housing policy problems. Setting up a congruent policy design requires a thorough understanding of the policy context.

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