사진사 연구 방법론으로서 ‘행위자-네트워크 이론(ANT)’의 도입 연구 - 초기 사진 출현의 다층적 네트워크 번역을 중심으로 -

초록

Today, photography, cameras, and related technologies are actively used in various fields of our society. The COVID-19 situation further accelerated the omnidirectional spread of photographs and cameras. In order to understand the currently complex and in-depth photographic network, a new methodology of understanding is needed beyond the framework of existing human or technology-oriented photographic history. Therefore, in this paper, we have introduced the Actor-Network Theory(ANT), which has recently been actively discussed in various fields, into early photographic history studies to promote a multilayered and relational understanding of photographic emergence networks. Among ANT's various concepts, researchers noted that “non-human actors”, “relational ontology”, “hybrid”, “generalized symmetry”, “black box”, and “translation” are significantly applicable to photographic history. Based on this, we analyzed the invention myth of Daguerre and Daguerreotype, the representative diffusion models of existing photographic history. In addition, the early photographic appearance network was divided into three layers, depicting the history of camera obscura and photomecanical reproduction technology, which had been treated as additional elements or separately by existing photographic history, as a history of photographic image settlement and a symmetrical network. The researchers wanted to examine the systematic foundations established by the early photographic emergence network, raising questions about the historical perception of the existing single-line and human-centered photographic invention. As a result, this paper suggests that instead of the terms ‘invention’ and ‘discovery’ of photography, the term ‘emergence’ and extending the understanding of early photographic history to photomedical reproduction. We hope that these attempts in this paper will lead to various relationships with the current photographic studies, encourage new emergence, and, above all, be a useful methodological module for understanding the various ongoing photographic phenomena.

키워드