집단-격자 문화유형의 소득재분배에 대한 영향 분석 : 퍼지셋 다중결합 인과관계를 중심으로

초록

The aim of the study is to explore compounding effects of the culture (i.e., grid-group cultural theory) with other contextual variables (such as policy demands on income-redistribution, economic growth, and strength of labor union) on income-redistribution as a result of the welfare policy. Focusing on 19 Western European and English-American countries, the study applies Fuzzy set qualitative comparative methods. Major findings are; 1) out of four typologies of the grid-group culture, the egalitarianism has independent influences on income-redistribution as a sufficient condition. 2) In the case of the collectivism, it does not have its independent effects, but combined with higher economic growth, it becomes a causal condition. However, 3) other two cultural typologies (i.e. individualism and fatalism) show no casual effect on income-redistribution. 4) While the level of income redistribution in egalitarian states increases when the growth rate of national economy decreases, vice versa effects happen in collectivistic countries. Policy implications for Korea can be drawn based on findings above. First, since Korean culture is similar to collectivism, it is necessary to simultaneously make economic growth in order to increase income redistribution. Second, “group*(strong) labor union*high income-redistribution demands” combination as a causal condition to income redistribution could be a policy recipe to make better of welfare policy in Korea, in the sense that it is expected that the grid would be weakened whereas the group would remain the same as now.

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