미국·프랑스·한국의 문화정책 구조 비교 및 K-콘텐츠 지속가능성 모색

초록

This study examines the sustainability challenges faced by K-Culture by comparatively analyzing the institutional structures of cultural hegemony established in the United States and France. Employing a comparative policy analysis approach, the research evaluates national cultural policies across four dimensions: political foundations, cultural capital, value balance, and institutional sustainability. In the United States, cultural diplomacy has been incorporated as a core pillar of national strategy since the Cold War, with large-scale cultural industries and long-term institutional programs combined to consolidate cultural hegemony into an institutional order. By contrast, France has secured “cultural sovereignty” institutionally through subsidy systems, OTT reinvestment regulations, the international codification of norms via the UNESCO Convention, and the deployment of linguistic and cultural networks. In Korea’s case, despite the global achievements of Hallyu, weaknesses remain evident due to the lack of overseas cultural diplomacy networks, the overconcentration in specific industries, and policy designs overly reliant on short-term export indicators. This analysis suggests that the sustainability of K-Culture depends not merely on industrial performance, but can only be secured through structural and institutional interventions such as the expansion of cultural centers abroad, the institutionalization of protective mechanisms, proactive participation in international norm-setting, and data-driven policy design.

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