발달장애와 장내미생물 : 운동 및 식이 중재 중심으로

초록

(Purpose) This review outlines the impact of gut microbiota dysbiosis on neurodevelopment and overall health in individuals with developmental disabilities and explores therapeutic intervention strategies. (Methods) A literature search was conducted using academic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Wiley Online Library. Studies were selected based on their relevance to gut-brain axis mechanisms, the relationship between gut microbiota and developmental disabilities, and the effects of gut microbiota-modulating interventions such as dietary modifications, probiotics, and physical activity. (Results) Individuals with developmental disabilities tend to exhibit reduced gut microbiota diversity and increased specific harmful microbiota. These changes are linked to neurotransmitter dysregulation, immune-inflammatory responses, and metabolic imbalances, which can negatively affect neurodevelopment and behavior. Interventions such as dietary modifications, probiotics, and physical activity have been shown to ameliorate gut dysbiosis and regulate neurological function through mechanisms involving microbiota-derived metabolites (e.g., short-chain fatty acids). (Conclusion) Gut dysbiosis is closely associated with developmental disabilities, and interventions such as dietary and exercise strategies hold promise as complementary therapies. However, large-scale studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms and efficacy of microbiota-based treatments.

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