중국의 지역 간 노동생산성 격차와 인적자본의 역할

초록

This paper tries to estimate the provincial human capital in China in various ways and examine the role of the human capital in explaining the regional productivity in China. We use the years of schooling-based approach, investment costs-based approach, and income-based approach to estimate the human capital in China. We use the fixed-effects model to investigate the role of regional human capital disparities in the labour productivity in China. We find that the regional human capital differences between the interior and the coast region in China are large and it was not decreased, instead it was increased or not changed. We also find that the regional human capital differences played a statistically crucial role in explaining the regional labour productivity and income gaps. The findings of the paper imply that the Chinese government needs to decrease the regional human capital differences in order to decrease the regional income disparity, which is one of the important issues challenging the Chinese government.

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