중국 내륙항의 경쟁력 평가분석에 관한 연구

초록

Since the late 1970s, China's rapid economic growth has been driven by China's opening policy, which is largely due to export growth in the coastal region. The role of the inland area such as Mid-east and Northeast regions in China is increasing as the driving force of exports moves to the inland area due to rising labor costs in coastal areas. However, exporting from the inland area to overseas is hindered by the additional logistics costs. As a way to overcome this, China has constructed inland ports since early 2000s. The inland port can reduce import and export logistics costs and time by providing functions such as customs clearance, inspection and quarantine, and mixing of cargoes with inland port. Therefore, it is expected that the function, size, and role of inland ports will be further expanded along with growth of exports. The purpose of this study is to estimate their development potential by evaluating the competitiveness(potential) of China's inland ports and comparing it with the current cargo volume(performance), and then to suggest implications for Korean logistics companies' entry into China. As a result of AHP analysis, economic and trade volume, geographical factors, infrastructure, policy and institutional factors were selected as important determinant factor in evaluating inland port’s competitiveness. An individual inland port's performance is multiplied the weight of these factors calculated by a AHP in order to evaluate the potential competitiveness of inland ports. As a result of comparing the potential competitiveness and current cargo handling volume, Qingdao, Urumqi and Xi'an were selected as high in terms of both competitiveness and current performance. Inland port, which has high in competitive potential but low at the level of current performance is Beijing, Chengdu, Shenyang, Shiazhuang, Kunming, Luoyang and Zhengzhou. Korea's port authorities, logistics companies and governments should undertake active marketing activities, investment and cooperation with inland ports located in this region, while moving the logistics center from coastal to inland areas in China.

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