ScholarWorks@중앙대학교

초록

The first of two parts, this paper presents the design and experimental evaluation of a novel, efficient hybrid flutter-based wind energy harvester. The proposed system simultaneously harnesses both the plunging and pitching motions of an airfoil and utilizes two types of energy transducers—piezoelectric and electromagnetic—to achieve enhanced energy-conversion efficiency. Through a systematic design process, including preliminary experiments, numerical simulations, and full-scale wind-tunnel testing, the optimal configuration and key parameters of the system are determined. To understand the system's complex dynamic behavior under realistic operating conditions, particularly the observed hysteresis and jump phenomena, we perform computational fluid dynamics simulations. These simulations elucidate the unsteady flow field around the oscillating airfoil, revealing the importance of time-resolved flow characteristics in analyzing nonlinear responses. Accordingly, various system parameters are experimentally optimized in a systematic and rigorous manner. With the optimal configuration, the proposed harvester achieves average output powers of 2.41 mW and 4.36 mW from the plunging and pitching motions, respectively, under a wind velocity of 10 m/s, thereby delivering a total output power of 6.77 mW. These results confirm the system's high efficiency and outstanding energy-harvesting performance compared with conventional flutter-based harvesters. Moreover, the findings from this part of the study provide critical empirical support for the mathematical modeling, analysis, and numerical simulations presented in the Part Ⅱ paper, thereby establishing a strong foundation for further understanding and optimizing the proposed hybrid wind energy–harvesting system.

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