Transforming Waste to Innovation: Sustainable Piezoelectric Properties of Pb(Ti0.52Zr0.48)O3 with Recycled β-PbO Massicot

초록

In this study, we present an indigenous approach to enhancing the properties of Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 by synthesizing it from beta-PbO obtained from spent lead-acid batteries. Initially, beta-PbO, orthorhombic massicot, was produced by two-step heating, and 99.9% lead powder was derived from recovered lead-acid batteries at 700 degrees C. The synthesized beta-PbO was thoroughly analyzed using X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. Subsequently, the beta-PbO precursor was utilized for the synthesis of PZT, offering a cost-effective alternative. The morphology of the sintered sample revealed the formation of homogeneous and uniform grains, indicative of significant densification (similar to 99%) of the ceramic. The sintered PZT exhibited an enhanced piezoelectric coefficient (d 33) of 270 pC/N, a Q m factor of 30.94, and a dielectric constant of 1590 at similar to 10 kHz. This study highlights the feasibility of using beta-PbO derived from recycled lead ingots to synthesize materials, presenting a sustainable approach that contributes to technological progress and environmental conservation.

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