ScholarWorks@중앙대학교

초록

Bacterial pustule (BP) is a recurrent soybean disease caused by Xanthomonas citri pv. glycines (Xcg; X. axonopodis pv. glycines; X. campestris pv. glycines), resulting in soybean yield reductions of up to 60% under favourable conditions. Here, we review the reports regarding the occurrence, pathogen-host interactions and management of Xcg for the first time. BP was first reported in Sudan in 1956, and since 2005 the disease has spread in northern Thailand, the Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra states of India and South Korea. Flagella biosynthesis genes flgK and flgB, outer membrane protein OmpA and transcriptional regulator LcrX, along with type II and III effector systems, play a key role in Xcg virulence. While Xcg growth depends on sugar absorption, excessive protein concentrations activate programmed cell death. Control efficacies higher than 70% were detected when applying the commercial antibiotic oxytetracycline, the bacterial biocontrol agents Pseudomonas parafulva JBCS1880 and Curtobacterium sp. M84, or the natural metabolites biochanin A and thymol. Some soybean cultivars, such as Daepung, BRS 205 and SS2-2, have shown moderate-high resistance levels to Xcg; however, none of the cultivars were screened against various Xcg races. Currently, BP management relies on the application of antibiotics that are toxic to humans or the use of soybean cultivars with partial resistance. Overall, Xcg is a worldwide recurrent soybean pathogen that causes significant economic damage in wet and warm weather (30 degrees C-33 degrees C). Further research into the Xcg infection mechanism is essential to identify potential targets for BP management.

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