자기효능감과 기업성과: 창업지향성과 창업경험의 역할

초록

Entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial experience are useful as explanatory variablesin explaining the effects of self-efficacy on firm performance. According to the upper echelontheory, CEO plays a critical role in shaping and positioning the organization strategically toachieve performance, using their personal traits of individuals to influence organizational dynamics(Carmeli, 2008). Although previous research has suggested that self-efficacy had a positiveeffect on firm performance(Drnovsek & Glas, 2002; Hmielesky & Baron, 2008; Westerberg,Singh, & Häckner, 1997), there is limitation in explaining how self-efficacy influences firmperformance. Attention has been turned to entrepreneurial orientation (EO) in explainingentrepreneurial performance (Moruku, 2013). Entrepreneurial experience has been suggestedas an useful explanatory variable to account for firm performance (Lee & Tsang, 2001; Schiller& Crewson, 1997). Little attention has been turned to the role of entrepreneurial experience inthe entrepreneurial orientation-firmperformance relationship. The present study, therefore, developedthe new research model that includes entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial experience,extending the current model that includes the effect of self-efficacy on firm performance. This study examined relationships among self-efficacy, entrepreneurial orientation, entrepreneurialexperience, and firm performance. Data were collected from 146 entrepreneurs in Korea. Weused path analysis and regression analysis to test the direct and indirect effects of self-efficacyon perceptual measures of firm performance, as well as how firm performance might be moderatedby entrepreneurial experience. Entrepreneurial orientation was used as the mediating variable for explaining the relationship between self-efficacy and firmperformance. Entrepreneurial experiencewas used as the moderating variable for explaining the relationship between entrepreneurialorientation firm performance. Results indicated that self-efficacy and entrepreneurial orientationwere positively related to firm performance. Self-efficacy also influenced firm performancepositively through its effect on entrepreneurial orientation. Especially, entrepreneurial experiencestrengthened the positive relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance.The authors discuss both the study's implications and future research directions.

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