ScholarWorks@중앙대학교

초록

This study aims to analyze the impact of the self-classification system, implemented in June 2023, on the classification of “Restricted (19+)” ratings and to discuss its policy implications. The results indicate that, in the video sector, the number of “Restricted (19+)” classifications temporarily declined following the system’s introduction but subsequently exhibited an upward trend. The initial decline can be interpreted as a short-term level change, whereas the long-term trend suggests an increase in restricted classifications. Importantly, this finding contradicts concerns that the introduction of the self-classification system would lead to a reduction in restricted content. Instead, it suggests that the system has contributed to balancing industrial efficiency with youth protection. The policy implications are threefold. First, the self-classification system functions as an institutional mechanism that enhances the autonomy of platform providers while achieving key public policy objectives. It has improved efficiency in the rapidly expanding OTT market without undermining the public goal of protecting youth. Second, the potential expansion of the system merits consideration. In the long term, it could be extended to the film sector, allowing film distributors to act as self-classification operators. Third, technological advancements are expected to bring innovation to the classification process. Although classification is currently conducted by human assessors, AI-based classification is now technically feasible. While the use of AI poses new challenges related to accuracy and accountability, policymakers should strengthen post-monitoring mechanisms and proactively develop the necessary technical and legal foundations.

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