금지의 명령에서 향유의 명령으로: 자본주의와 한국사회의 문화변동에 대한 해석적 시론

초록

This essay reviews cultural changes caused by the growth of capitalism in South Korea from the early 1960s until the 2000s and now. For this aim, this paper uses the Lacanianconcept of enjoyment (jouissance). In theoretical view of psychoanalysis, particularly according to those of Lacan and Žižek, what dominates the pure form of capitalism is the obscene superego’s command to enjoy rather than prohibitive injunction of the Other and father’s law as in traditional social order. In this respect, commandment of enjoyment can be defined as the dominant cultural logic of neo-liberal capitalism in the age of globalization. Under the developmental dictatorship of the 1960s and 1970s, Korean subjects of modernization were dominated by the law of strong father and the state that prohibits their enjoyment and demands work ethic and asceticism. After its oscillation between prohibition and enjoyment in the 1980s, Korean society has clearly been in transition to a society of enjoyment with democratization and the growth of consumerist economy since the latter half of the 1980s. This transition did not stop even despite of the economic crisis in 1997, and Koreans of the 2000s see the coming of a society of commanded enjoyment.

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