디지털 학습환경에서의 학습몰입에 관한 국내·외 연구동향 비교분석 및 미래 연구방향: 주제범위 문헌고찰

초록

In digital learning environments where direct interaction is constrained, learning engagement has been highlighted as a key variable explaining learner persistence and academic performance. Despite its importance, however, prior literature varies considerably in defining, dimensionalizing, and measuring this construct, and the rapid evolution of digital environments may further reshape its conceptualization, necessitating a comparative analysis of recent domestic and international research trends. Accordingly, this scoping review analyzed 77 articles published in Korean (KCI-indexed) and international (SSCI-indexed) journals from January 2020 to December 2025. The findings indicate an overall post-pandemic expansion of learning engagement research; however, since 2021, Korean studies have declined while international studies have steadily increased. Conceptually, Korean research has predominantly utilized the traditional three-dimensional framework of behavioral, cognitive, and emotional engagement, frequently using the terms "engagement" and "flow" interchangeably, whereas international research has extended these dimensions to encompass digital interactivity and learner agency. Methodologically, Korean studies primarily employed learning engagement as a mediating variable and relied heavily on self-report questionnaires. In contrast, international studies more frequently positioned it as a dependent variable functioning as an outcome indicator and utilized data-driven measures, including log, text, and multimodal data. These results underscore the need for conceptual clarification, dimensional expansion, and improved alignment of measurement when designing future digital learning environments. To advance this field, subsequent research should extend and validate dimensional frameworks that reflect digital contexts, diversify research participants and learning settings, expand data-driven measurement and validation studies, and explore practical implications for designing digital learning environments.

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