안나 소콜로우(Anna Sokolow)의 혁명적 무용에 관한 연구

초록

Arts have been used as means of ideological expressions from the primitive age to the present age and have been recognized as a representative genre expressing social groups' opinions. It is certain fact that arts and society have inseparable relationship, and arts depend on historical and social situations, and social structural factors can be the cause of artistic creation. Such relationship can be easily found in dance, too and we can easily find the cases where dances are influenced by politics and society, and also influence on them. Especially, the modern dance that rejects following the tradition and pursues for free and individual movements expressed social groups' recognition of reality by showing the subject matter of ideology, politics and social consciousness, etc. through works from its appearance in the later 1800's. It was around 1930's that social consciousness was notably expressed in the US modern dances, which was the same time when modern dance was firmly settled as an art. Among the dancers who made active social expressions in the 1930's, Anna Sokolow(1910-2000) formed the Theatre Union Dance Group in 1930 and expressed economical, political and social problems and consciousness through theatrical dance works together with professional dancers. Sokolow entered the Graham dance company in 1929 and did activities as a professional modern dancer and did social works through revolutionary dances. Unlikely as the modern dancers of those days who showed revolutionary dances sometimes employed unprofessional dancers for works in order to express the leftist opinions, Sokolow employed professional dancers and emphasized professional dance training such as ballets and made works through systematic dance composition. In 1936, she formed a dance troupe, Dance Unit and showed wrongfulness of extortion of workers and anti-fascism works together with the artists being influenced by the Marxism during those days. As the representative revolutionary dance works that were composed by her, there are 「Anti-War Trilogy, 1933)」, 「Histrionics and Romantic Dances, 1934」and「Strange American Funeral, 1935」, etc. The purpose of this study is to examine the tendency of Sokolow's revolutionary dances in the 1930's and how social groups' recognition of reality was reflected in her works. In order to fulfill the objective, the study illustrates historical background around the 1930's and revolutionary dances. Also, Sokolow's revolutionary dances and tendency of her dance composition will be explained.

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