정당후보 선발에 관한 주정부 규제의 변천과정: 19세기 후반 이후 직접 예비선거 도입까지의 시기를 중심으로

초록

This article explains the state government’s regulation of the party nomination process between the late 19th century and the adoption of the direct primary. For this purpose, this article takes the introduction of the Australian ballot system as the threshold ushering in a new era of regulating party nominating process. Before the adoption of the new ballot system, the ‘indirect’ convention system was the main mode of nominating party candidates, while it revealed a number of corrupt practices committed by party bosses and his ‘proxies.’ As a result, and after the adoption of the Australian ballot system, the party’s nominating process began to be more scrupulously regulated by the state laws, which became more and more mandatory in its nature, and wider and wider in its application. Finally, the Australian ballot system led the nomination system to the point where the party candidates were directly elected by party members and voters. By and large, this transformation was made possible as the party became a kind of public utility in its nature and got gradually under the supervision of the state laws with respect to nominating party candidates.

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