전인교육의 길잡이로서 듀이적 관심의 기능에 관한 연구 ―학습자와 학습대상과 교수자의 삼중주로서 교육적 관심의매개적 역할에 관하여

초록

Various attempts have been made to highlight the importance of educational interest while promoting it. However, it seems that a proper effect of being educationally interested has not yet been made for learners to be so engrossed in the objects of learning as to achieve their intellectual and moral growth. Dewey thought that the interest-related educational failure was made because any interests and their objects were separated from each other. Interests always concern something, and this indicates the inseparability thereof. As interests just represent the self involved therein, any changes of the former mean those in the latter. The learner has been already standing in a state of being actively directed toward something with impulses. Natural impulses first meet the desired objects so as to form interests, which vary through learning. Above all, persons are capable of being plasticized upon learning, and such capacity instills into learners the will of learning to learn from all the contacts of life. The interest in learning dynamically acts as a driving force of growing the self. Of course, not all the learners properly exert such a learning interest, and it is necessary to provide environmental conditions suitable to cultivating thereof. Dewey calls the interest of making a whole personal growth ‘genuine interest,’ which could make intellectual and moral growths simultaneously. It is argued here that the Deweyan theory of genuine interest can provide a healthy ground of healing the fragmented and splitted minds produced from the current school education. Particularly considering the individual attitudes and the environmental conditions for forming the genuine interests, it is claimed that the school education should aim at not the direct education where focusing is made on the learning itself, but the indirect education driven by way of environments. At least the schools run in democratic societies would have as their object a whole person education with the form of indirect education.

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