Vibration Energy Harvesting for Self-Powered Systems: Mechanisms, Integration Strategies, and Future Perspectives

초록

Purpose This review evaluates strategies for integrating vibration energy harvesting technology with vibration control or condition monitoring functions, with the aim of advancing the development of multifunctional integrated devices to meet the growing demand for multifunctional, sustainable power supply solutions in distributed low-power systems.Methods A systematic literature search with the keywords energy harvesting, vibration control, and monitoring identified articles published between 2020 and 2026 from the Web of Science and Scopus databases. Studies were screened and categorized. The Scopus database was used to conduct a citation metrics analysis of research outputs in the relevant field from 2010 to 2024.Results This review demonstrates that hybrid energy conversion mechanisms can significantly enhance energy harvesting performance. Different energy harvesting motion architectures produce distinct output characteristics. Meanwhile, multifunctional integrated designs improve system compactness and overall efficiency, while approaches such as system-level co-design and multi-objective optimization effectively address coupling and coordination issues among energy harvesting, sensing, and control functions. However, several challenges remain, particularly in the design of multifunctional system architectures, the robustness of overall performance, and the achievement of long-term reliability.Conclusion The combination of vibration-based energy harvesting technology with advanced integration strategies will pave the way for a promising future in self-powered intelligent systems. Future research should focus on advanced materials, data-driven optimization, and intelligent control to develop adaptive, highly efficient, and multifunctional systems suitable for practical applications.

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