가짜 뉴스 식별에서 나타나는 정확성과 확신의 불일치: 수용자와 가짜 뉴스의 특성을 중심으로

초록

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between accuracy judgements and certainty in the process of identifying fake news, and to determine how personal characteristics and news stimulus characteristics influence these judgements. To this end, the Social Relations Model(SRM) was applied to distinguish between perceiver effects and target effects. Forty-five news stimuli were divided into 15 sets(three items per set) and presented to groups of eight university students (N=120). Participants were asked to evaluate accuracy judgements, confidence levels, personal characteristics, and news stimulus characteristics. The results confirmed the previously reported discrepancy between accuracy judgements and confidence, with participants generally demonstrating low accuracy but high confidence. Furthermore, perceiver effects were significant for both accuracy judgements and confidence, indicating that individual differences systematically influence fake news judgements. In contrast, target effects were only marginally supported, suggesting a lack of universal consensus regarding the authenticity of specific news items. All news stimulus characteristics showed negative correlations with accuracy judgements, whereas only subjective knowledge exhibited a positive correlation with confidence, revealing a pattern of potential overconfidence. These findings suggest that fake news judgement is not merely a simple cognitive error, but rather a multi-layered process shaped by the interaction between individual differences and contextual cues. Overall, the results highlight the need for approaches that address the discrepancy between judgement accuracy and confidence in future news literacy education and platform design.

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