한자문화권 행정학의 시작과 초기 연구: 일본･중국･한국의 비교

초록

This study examined the beginning of public administration studies in three East Asian countries—Japan, the People’s Republic of China, and South Korea. Three major questions were addressed: When did the concept of public administration studies first appear? What were the early achievements in this area of study? What are the differences between the three countries in studying public administration? To answer these questions, historical methods were used to trace and interpret past events based on government records and the literature. The period analyzed was until the founding of the society for public administration in each country. The findings are as follows: Japan introduced the German science of state and public administration in the late 1880s, China imported Japanese and American public administration around the 1930s, as South Korea did in the mid 1950s. Japan and China experienced a decline or discontinuation in the studies of public administration during the period analyzed, but South Korea did not while it directly accepting American public administration. The introduction of public administration studies in the three countries transpired in a mostly unilateral way, as the countries were importing Western academic disciplines, and in a process that was accompanied by the adoption of democratic political ideology, a change in the concept of sovereignty, and the abandonment of Confucianism. These results illuminate the historical and intellectual identity of public administration studies and differences between the concept of the study of public administration between Western countries and the three East Asian countries.

키워드