20세기 초 독일 신체문화운동의 시대적 배경과 의의

초록

In this study we investigate a historical background and significance of German body culture movement (Körperkulturbewegung) that emerged in the early 20th century with attempts to challenge Christian mind-body dualism and western rationalism. The body culture movement pursued the liberation of body from the constraints of modern society and bourgeois convention and the reconciliation with nature. The notion of a modern body provoked numerous subcultures including Wandervogel movement, German dress reform movement, Naked culture, Rhythmic gymnastics and Free dance. This examination allows for identifying the following social cultural significance of the body culture. First, it establishes German national identity and builds individual and social health and fitness. Second, it awakens femininity. Third, it revitalizes bodily rhythm and free spirit. The numerous body culture movements are the product of Zeitgeist in the effort to reconcile with nature, to perceive a modern body, and to establish human identify through dance image.

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