국제체제의 환경적 변화와 글로벌 거버넌스성격의 변화

초록

This study tries to analyze sources of advent of global governance in 1990s, and also to explain diverse reasons of recently weakening global governance. During the 1990s, globalization, changing role of states, decline of American hegemony, technological development, emergence of new issues, criticisms against dichotomous thinking, and changing world economy all contributed to expansion of discussions on global governance and establishment of diverse global governance institutions. However, there occurred many problems and resistance against global governance. Especially, resistance against global governance expanded through debates on global governance deficit, democratic deficit, regulation deficit, and organized hypocrisy. Global governance has recently weakened. Anti-globalization, re-definition of role of states, international systemic transformation, growing problems in many issue areas, global economic recession and others made this phenomenon. Chance of multilateral cooperation in terrorism, refugee, trade, finance, investment, money, environment, energy and other issues has lowered, and this makes global governance weaker. As major powers in the world have adopted state-centric security and economic policies, global governance has been gradually weakened. And we can expect this trend will continue for the time being. However, based upon shared experience in the past, state and non-state actors need to seek for more multilateral cooperative relationship in many issue areas. Also, in the process of this effort, we need to be more active and strengthen role of global social society movements.

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