경제상황에 따라 기업의 조세회피성향은 달라지는가?

초록

This study investigated how firms’ tendency to tax avoidance depend on the economic condition(prosperous economy or recession). In addition, this study analyzed whether the effect of firms’ characteristic factors on the tax avoidance tendency is discriminated according to the economic condition. The economic condition was measured by the economic circulation data of the National Statistical Office and the research was conducted on all listed firms in KOSPI and KOSDAQ markets. The tendency to tax avoidance was measured by annual cash effective tax rate and firms’ characteristics which showed significant effects on the tax avoidance in prior studies were controlled. Results of the study are as follows. Firstly, firms' tax avoidance tendency differed according to the economic situation. Especially in prosperous economy, firms tended to avoid tax more actively. Secondly, the effects of firms’ characteristics on tax avoidance tendency were differentiated between KOSPI and KOSDAQ listed firms. Thirdly, analyzing whether firms’ characteristics were differentiated according to the economic situation, it is found that tax avoidance is effectively performed by increasing the ratio of tangible assets to total assets when the economy is prosperous. In addition, in the case of KOSPI listed frims, the higher the profitability, the more active tax avoidance was performed in prosperous economy. However, the effects of firm-specific characteristics on the tax avoidance tendency did not appear to be discriminative depending on the economic condiion in KOSDAQ listed firms. The results of this study provide meaningful implication in that the necessity of considering or controlling the economic condition. That is, the economic condition should be controlled or considered in empirical study related to tax evasion. In addition, this study provides the importance of considering economic situation in the tax investigation onto listed firms.

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