버나드 쇼의 희곡 <피그말리온(Pygmalion)>에 투영된 인공지능(AI) 챗봇(chatbot)의 언어인류학적 고찰

초록

In 1966 the first artificial intelligence based chatbot was made and its name was Eliza. The name of Eliza was derived from Bernard Shaws drama so called Pygmalion . In fact, Eliza is the main woman character and Professor Higgins teaches her systematically accurate pronunciation and speech in the drama so she is able to acquire upper class lady s language. It is interesting that the first chatbot s name is Eliza. Eliza in the drama shows that learning some language skills suddenly makes someone become a very linguistically talented and new person. Likewise a chatbot becomes linguistically skillful and a useful conversation counterpart through Data Base(DB) and Deep Learning. In this context, from the standpoint of linguistic anthropology, I will investigate some similar elements of artificial intelligence based chatbots and language acquisition inside Bernard Shaws drama Pygmalion . In particular, two main viewpoints such as language and gender as well as terms of address and social identity are employed for analysis. Firstly, Higgins s language classes for Eliza have crucial weak points in so far that they can not provide proper women s language. For example, womens usage of slang or swearing in English society are normally restricted by their mother and even their neighbours, but that is not the case for Eliza in the drama. Secondly, terms of address usually present social status and identity concerning speakers comparing to addressee. In the drama Higgins calls Eliza with her first name while Colonel Pickering addresses her with her last name, Miss Doolittle. Likewise it could be of importance to choose wisely how we address and treat a chatbot.

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