도시의 불안과 여성하위주체 －1970년대 ‘식모’ 형상화 소설을 중심으로－

초록

Housemaids as urban subordinate main agents were ‘the beings that could not represent by theselvs while existing in the periphery of urban culture.’ They were responsible for housework and infant care in the ‘home’ which is an important domain of private life. Housemaids were involved with the matters of private world and secrecy, which are important characteristics of modern times. Accordingly, Seoul as a modern city was able to be represented through the eyes of housemaids. This thesis intends to restructure the inner side of modern times through ‘the novels that reproduce housemaids’ in the 1970s. The texts to be analyzed are Choi Il-nam's Autumn Outing (1972), Jeon Sanng-guk's The Night Before (1974), and Park Wan-seo's Spring Outside the Window (1978). Choi Il-nam's Autumn Outing narrated the events that Hyangsoon underwent when she visited her home after living in Seoul as a housemaid for 3 years. This novel is meaningful in that it captured the consciousness of restlessness of modern family by the secrecy of middleclass families in the 1970s being testified and disclosed through a housemaid. Jeon Sanng-guk's short story The Night Before is the story about Choonja who began to work as a housemaid due to unhappy family background. This novel appropriately captured the threatening exploitation structure that the housemaid and factory worker as subordinate main agents had to bear. Park Wan-seo's Spring Outside the Window can be said to be a controversial text in the aspect of a housemaid reproduced by a woman writer. Park Wan-seo's is a story about Gilye who worked as a housemaid of a professor's house and was thrown out. The writer effectively disclosed the false consciousness and class consciousness of middleclass people in Seoul through Gilye. And ‘the fear of poverty,’ which was deeply rooted in the writer's inner side and was reflected in embodying urban lower class people, draws our attention. Homes which were private space in cities in the 1970s were deeply penetrated by housemaids. Urban culture in the 1970s was formed in the restlessness of modern times and the restless consciousness was projected in the form of reproducing housemaids as dangerous women. Behind the modernity, there were restlessness consciousness,fear, sense of deprivation, will to power, etc. Housemaids who existed in the periphery of modern times were in a position to capture the secrecy of modern families. They were urban subordinate main agents who had unique position as witnesses to disclose the irrationality of modern private world.

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