Small regulatory RNAs as key modulators of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria

초록

The escalating antibiotic resistance crisis poses a significant challenge to global publichealth, threatening the efficacy of current treatments and driving the emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens. Among the various factors associated with bacterial antibiotic resistance,small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs) have emerged as pivotal post-transcriptional regulatorswhich orchestrate bacterial adaptation to antibiotic pressure via diverse mechanisms. This review consolidates the current knowledge on sRNA-mediated mechanisms, focusingon drug uptake, drug efflux systems, lipopolysaccharides, cell wall modification, biofilm formation,and mutagenesis. Recent advances in transcriptomics and functional analyses haverevealed novel sRNAs and their regulatory networks, expanding our understanding of resistancemechanisms. These findings highlight the potential of targeting sRNA-mediated pathwaysas an innovative therapeutic strategy to combat antibiotic resistance, and offer promisingavenues for managing challenging bacterial infections.

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