탈역사적 예술과 생성형 AI: 다원주의 이후의 창작 주체 문제

초록

This study investigates the challenges posed by the proliferation of Generative AI to the concepts of artistic creation and subjectivity, examining them through the lens of Arthur C. Danto’s “post-historical pluralism.” While AI technology has automated the process of image generation and leveled the playing field regarding formal proficiency in visual arts, mere generation does not equate to artistic creation. This is because, according to Danto’s definition, an artwork requires essential conditions beyond being a perceptual object: it must possess “aboutness” (intentionality) and “embodied meaning,” wherein meaning is concretized within the material. Consequently, this paper proposes redefining the creative subject in the AI era not as a singular individual or an anthropomorphized machine, but as an “Assemblage Subject” formed through the interaction of human, model, platform, and the artworld. Within this structure of functional assemblage, the model explores the space of possibilities, the platform provides regulatory frameworks, and the human serves as the final approver who attributes meaning through selection and editing, while bearing responsibility for errors and ethical issues. In conclusion, Generative AI is not a substitute that threatens art, but rather an acceleration mechanism of radical pluralism, revealing that the grounds for establishing art have shifted from the act of physical making to institutional justification and the acceptance of responsibility. Therefore, the task facing the contemporary artworld is to reconstruct the conventions of interpretation and responsibility to include AI as a new agent.

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