1970년대 초 한국소설의 미군기지(촌) 재현 양상 연구

초록

In the early 1970s, Korean novelists actively wrote about the U.S. Army bases (villages). They narrated U.S. Army bases (villages) so as to conduct cultural politics pointing to the center from the recent-modern peripheral areas. In the 1970s, KATUSA within the U.S. Army bases and women in the U.S. Army base villages represented the recent modern peripherals of Korea, and showed the recent-modern negative ideologies of Korea which was then at the bottom of the world system. Korean male novelists, when they looked at the women, showed strong desire for equality as recent-modern ideology as well as revealing anxiety and sense inferiority of intellectuals. Noteworthy Korean novels about the U.S. Army bases (villages) include Jo Jeong-rae’s 「Tiger Major」(1973), Sin Sang-ung’s 「Diary of Wrath」(1972), and Jo Hae-il’s 「America」(1972). Jo Jeong-rae, in「Tiger Major」, illustrated Korean troops who had equal competence and rights with American soldiers by presenting Korean army officers and KATUSA within the U.S. Army bases. Jo Jeong-rae tried to romantically overcome their sense of inferiority and inequality through the theory of excellent ability and the theory of heroic leaders. Sin Sang-ung, in 「Diary of Wrath」, criticized Koreans’ inner colonialist perception and U.S. military’s occupation unit viewpoint. Sin Sang-ung responded to U.S. military stationing in Korea which disgraced the equalitarian world view as recent-modern universality with the emotion of ‘anger and wrath.’ Jo Hae-il, in「America」(1972), attempted to overcome Korean males’ helplessness feeling about women in the Army bases with sympathy. Jo Hae-il, in describing the situations of residents in Army base villages, defined them as surviving cowards. They endured the hidden darkness of Korean modernization by taking on the share of suffering. Jo Jeong-rae, Sin Sang-ung, Jo Hae-il, etc. were young writers who were born in the second half of 1930s to early 1940s. They underwent April 19 Revolution and June 3 Korea-Japan Talks Opposition, thus allowing themselves to be inclined to be nationalist democratic. Relatively autonomous print media such as 『Hanyang』, 『Sanghwang』, and『Sedae』were published, offering a wider range of stage for writers to publish works critical of recent-modern system and Korean reality. In this context, the writers in the 1970s began to see the stationing of U.S. Army bases as the intrusion on recent-modern equality. They also saw the history of Korea as the history of disgrace, reinforcing their relative and objective preception of U.S. This movement was the starting point of the explosive spread of anti-America perception in Korea in the 1980s. Intellectual writers in the 1970s illustrated the U.S. Army bases (villages) in a bid to reconstruct the relationship between U.S. as the central nation and Korea as the peripheral nation. This enabled them to own the center again from the peripheral area and thus to fully describe the operation pattern of the exclusivity and violence of the recent-modern system. In particular, the writers’ illustration of the U.S. Army bases (villages) in the 1970s led to the reinforcement of national emotion, then prompting intellectual writers to reinforce the relative objection and subjection of the U.S. and the U.S. Army.

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