COVID-19 재난과 필수노동자: 필수노동자 개념틀과 지원정책 제안

초록

The purpose of this study is to propose a conceptual framework to define essential workers, and to propose policies to support essential workers at the level of central and local governments. To this end, the concept of essential workers and policy support measures used in international organizations and major countries were reviewed. In this study, policies of the United States, United Kingdom, and Canada were reviewed as countries that provided policy support for essential workers at the time when the COVID-19 infectious disease began to spread, and then Korea's legislation and support policies were reviewed. As a result of analyzing the discussions on essential workers, first, essential workers shared the conceptual properties of ‘workers who must appear physically at the workplace’ or ‘workers working at the forefront of the risk of COVID-19 infection’. In this study, it is proposed to define essential workers based on two criteria: whether it is an essential business and the inevitability of face-to-face work. Based on these criteria, it is suggested that the designation of essential industries should be comprehensively determined at the central government level, but at the local government level, it is necessary to determine the priority of policy support targets in consideration of the industrial composition and scale of the local government. In addition, in this study, the policy direction to support essential workers was proposed by dividing the support policy at the daily level and the support policy in times of disaster.

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