사건관련전위 관찰에 기초한 언캐니 밸리 현상에 대한 탐색적 이해

초록

Uncanny valley refers to the condition where the affinity of a human-like object decreases dramatically if theobject becomes extremely similar to human, and has been hypothesized to derive from the cognitive load ofcategorical conflict against an uncanny object. According to the hypothesis, the present study ran an oddball taskconsisting of trials each displaying one among a non-human, human and uncanny face, and measured event-relatedpotentials (ERPs) for each trial condition. In Experiment 1, a non-human face was presented in 80% of the trials(standard) whereas a human face for another 10% trials (target) and an uncanny face for the remaining 10% trials(uncanny). Participants’ responses were relatively inaccurate and delayed in both the target and uncanny oddballtrials, but neither P3 nor N170 component differed across the three trial conditions. Experiment 2 used 3-D renderedrealistic faces to increase the degree of categorical conflict, and found the behavioral results were similar toExperiment 1. However, the peak amplitude of N170 of the target and uncanny trials were higher than the standardtrials while P3 mean amplitudes for both the target and uncanny trials were comparable but higher than theamplitude for the standard trials. P3 latencies were delayed in the order of the standard, target, and uncanny trials. The changes in N170 and P3 patterns across the experiments appear to arise from the categorical conflict that theuncanny face must be categorized as a non-target according to the oddball-task requirement despite its perceivedcategory of a human face. The observed increase of cognitive load following the added reality to the uncanny facealso indicates that the cognitive load, supposedly responsible for the uncanny experience, would depend on theincrease of categorical conflict information subsequent to added stimulus complexity.

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