자영업자 비중 결정요인의 국제비교: 사회정책적 요인을 중심으로

초록

This paper empirically analyzed the effect of social policy factors such as the possibility of tax avoidance, the degree of social safety net, and the minimum wage level on the proportion of self - employed in the OECD countries. Between 2000 and 2011, the decline in the likelihood of tax avoidance, the rise in the share of social security expenditure as a percentage of GDP, and the rise in the minimum wage rate relative to median wage significantly reduced the share of self-employed. In addition, the impact of these social policy factors on the self-employment ratio is stronger among OECD countries than in countries with relatively low GDP per capita. However, as a result of the robustness of estimates, the estimates of the likelihood of tax avoidance and the share of social security expenditure as a percentage of GDP do not exclude the possibility of a causal effect estimate, while the estimate of the minimum wage rate relative to median wage is likely to be a true causal effect. The rise in the minimum wage rate relative to the median wage accounts for about 43.5 to 45.2 per cent of the decline in the ratio of self-employed between 2000 and 2011.

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