時調의 形式美 考察 -構造와 律格을 中心으로-

초록

This paper is to find out the beauty of form or one of the literary styles in Sijo by analyzing the Sijo's form and structures which make up the Sijo. Sijo is a Korean poetic form which is made with 3 lines(or 6 half-lines) and each line has four syllables. The structure and rhyme here may be considered to be the literary features of Sijo which is related to the form of the sijo. Accordingly, the study on these two things is related to the finding out the beauty of form of the Sijo. It means that this study is to find out the beauty of form of Sino focusing on its structure and rhyme. As we all know, Sijo is made with three lines with each line having two symmetric half-liens. Each lines have four syllables. In this paper, I would like to argue that Sijo's form putting emphasis on the balance, safety and rhyme was established by the people in charge of the literature in the period when the Sijo was born. I found out that the Sijo's adoption of the specific form of 3 line and 6 half-lines having the balance, symmetry and stability in the first, second and third lines is caused by the nobilities who were the upper class group in the late Goryeo and Joseon dynasties. The upper class group enjoyed the lifestyle and literature which were far different from the lower class people. Their minds were oriented toward thinking positively of the then-current orders and situation rather than asking for changes or revolutions. Accordingly, the Sijo, one of the nobility's literature was made with emphasis on the balance and stability as the nobleman enjoyed the Sijo as their literature. In addition, I think that the form of 4 syllables in one line is also related to the nobility who enjoyed the Sijo at that period. It is assumed that the 3 syllables show the dynamic and change oriented features while the form of 4 syllables shows the static and safety oriented features. So, the fact that the form of 4 syllables in a line is adopted in Sijo shows that the people who started this form of literature and enjoyed it were oriented toward the balance and stability, showing that the structure of Sijo is just the reflection the nobility's with to keep the their social status or position at that time. I analyzed the literary works made by the noblemen at that period and found out that the Sijo's structure and rhyme were made by noblemen who wanted to keep that situation in a way that the beauty of balance and stability which are the key characteristics of Sijo have priority in its structure and form. But the study to specify the beauty of form in Sijo is not an easy job. To conduct the study, the researcher needs the intuition and viewpoint which can see and check the essence of Sijo. So, this study may be the first step toward finding out the beauty of form in Sijo. I would like to make up for any problems exposed in this paper through the continuous study and interest in this field.

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