기본소득 도입을 위한 탐색적 연구

초록

The Basic Income is an income paid to each individual member in society based on the citizenship, without any means-test or work requirement. This study aims to explore the possibility of Basic Income construction as a major alternative of existing income maintenance programs in Korea. For the stated purpose, the paper proves limitations of existing income maintenance and work-related programs, comprehensively reviews theoretical backgrounds of the Basic Income, and summarizes the Permanent Fund Dividend of Alaska and Bolsa Família Program of Brazil. The paper also introduces the benefit structure of four different Basic Income Plans, shows an empirical evidence of the effects of suggested plans on poverty reduction and income redistribution, and estimates the financing methods. In the Standard Plan, all children up age 15 receive the basic income of 300,000 won per month, whereas all adults receive 400,000 won. The Aged Plus Plan provides higher benefit on prime age adults. As a result of analysis, the Basic Income Plans decrease poverty more effectively than the current systems, and redistribute income from the higher 20 percentiles to the lower ones. However, estimated cost of the Standard Plan is huge, 2.1 hundred trillion won. This paper suggests increasing tax rates of both direct and value added tax and levying taxes upon all financial instruments.

키워드