저산소트레이닝이 엘리트 운동선수의 무산소성 변인과 경기력에 미치는 영향에 대한 체계적 문헌고찰

초록

This study systematically reviewed the impact of hypoxic training on anaerobic variables (isokinetic muscle function and power) in elite athletes, based on 13 Korean studies. Following the PRISMA guidelines, 649 studies from domestic databases (RISS, DBPIA, KCI, and KISS) were analyzed. The results showed that hypoxic training alone had limited efficacy in improving isokinetic function, with significant gains observed only when combined with weight training. Muscle power improved significantly after interventions for 6 weeks, whereas shorter durations (4 weeks) lacked sufficient adaptation. Performance improved in 67% of the studies (4 out of 6), though small sample sizes, brief training periods, and inconsistent post-test timing reduced the statistical significance. Hypoxic training may enhance anaerobic capacity and performance under specific conditions but requires integration with weight training, ≥6-week protocols, and sport-specific designs. Future research should prioritize larger samples, standardized measurements, and controlled experimental designs to strengthen the reliability. These insights provide practical guidance for coaches and researchers seeking to optimize hypoxic strategies while addressing methodological gaps in existing literature.

키워드