Multifunctional PCM composites for thermal management based on TiO2-Grown carbonized cotton and acetamide grafted Bisphenol-A

초록

The growing demand for advanced thermal management materials in high-performance electronics—such as data center servers, electric vehicle (EV) battery systems, and wireless charging modules—necessitates the development of multifunctional composite systems with enhanced heat dissipation, electrical insulation, and structural integrity. In this study, we present a novel phase-change material (PCM) composite featuring carbonized natural cotton, hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), and titanium dioxide (TiO2) fillers embedded in a matrix of acetamide and bisphenol A (AA-BA). Carbonized cotton acts as a multifunctional scaffold, offering continuous thermal pathways and suppressing PCM leakage owing to its porous and entangled architecture. In situ grown TiO2 nanocrystals endow the system with electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding capability, whereas h-BN enhances the thermal conductivity without sacrificing electrical insulation. Acetamide contributes to a high latent heat and stable phase transition behavior. The resulting composite exhibits a thermal conductivity of 6.844 W/m·K and a latent heat capacity of 123.21 J/g, indicating excellent thermal regulation performance. Furthermore, it demonstrates a high-volume resistivity of 8.8 × 1010 Ω cm and an EMI shielding effectiveness of 23.39 dB in the X-band, corresponding to 99.54 % attenuation—highlighting its superior multifunctionality.

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