베트남어의 한자어 수용 양상 연구 -한국어 한자어 수용 실태를 참고하여

초록

It can be said that the reception of Chinese character had been getting along with the history of nations in East Asia. Before each nation in East Asia declared its own official script, Chinese character had been used as official scripts in these nations. In modern times, together with the spread of the principle of nation self-determination on over the world, East Asia nations started appealing for the use of its own character instead of Chinese character. However, despite of the declaration of new official scripts, the reception of Chinese character had been still going on with diverse changes in attitude of these nations about the reception. While Japan kept using Hiragana, Katakana mixed with Chinese, North Korea decided to abolish Chinese and exclusively use Choson-geul, and Vietnam abolished Chinese as well as exclusively use chu quoc ngu, South Korea kept remaining in the dispute related to using or not using Chinese mixed with Hangeul. Whatever how the reception of Chinese character has been changed, it is true that in the vocabulary structures of these nations, words of Chinese origin occupied with great percentage. Therefore, it is difficult to ignore the necessity of education on either words of Chinese origin or Chinese character itself in developing the official languages of these countries. From the enactment of the ‘law on exclusive use of Hangeul’ in 1948 until now, the dispute of using Chinese mixed with Hangeul and exclusive use of Hangeul has been being continued in South Korea. For Vietnam case, Chinese character had been repealed after 1950s in order to promote chu quoc ngu in the official education in the whole country. However, the appealing for the resurrection of the education on Chinese character is getting its voice louder day by day in Vietnamese society. It is can be said that in order to establishing a better linguistic policy related to Chinese character, it is extremely important to refer to the reality as well as linguistic matters in the countries in this cultural area of Chinese character. This paper, therefore, takes Vietnam’s case as the first step of the study. In Vietnam, Chinese character had been the official script for about 2000 years, and in the mordern times of 20th century, it had lost its power into chu quoc ngu and became abolished at the end. Nowaday, the capacity of recognizing Chinese character of Vietnamese people, who have been educated around 70 years without Chinese character education, is quite low though they still can put words of Chinese origin in practical use. The phenomena of misunderstanding which leads to misusage of words of Chinese origin due to the low ability in recognizing Chinese character is becoming an obstacle in developing Vietnamese language. However, in order to overcome this problem, should Vietnam carry out the education on Chinese character or will it be enough for educating words of Chinese origin only? These are still an agenda that Vietnam needs to refer to the cases of other countries in this cultural area of Chinese character. And the same with South Korea. It can be said that the dispute related to Chinese character education in South Korea should get out of the appropriateness argument on the historic political background and head to a positive examination through a linguistic analysis.

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