초기 수학 능력 발달과 인지 책략 변화 관련 종단적 뇌 활동 변화 분석

초록

Acquisition of basic mathematical skills during early elementary school years serves as a critical foundation for mathematical development in adolescence and adulthood. The present study examined longitudinal changes in children’s behavior and brain activity during mathematical problem solving. Over a 1 year interval, children became more accurate and faster at math problem solving. Children who performed worse at 2nd grade showed greater performance improvements at 3rd grade. Children who were lower in retrieval use for problem solving showed greater increase in retrieval use after a year. We found significant over-additive increases in activation from 2nd to 3rd grade for Addition vs. Control problem solving in the anterior temporal cortex important for semantic memory. Individuals with greater increase in retrieval use had greater activation increase in the lateral prefrontal cortex and the fronto-parietal attention network. Performance improvements were positively correlated with activation increases mainly in the medial temporal lobe and the ventral visual stream. These findings indicate that the development of mathematical problem solving is dependent on the contribution of the fronto-parietal top-down attention and medial temporal lobe memory systems. In addition, higher order visual cortex in the ventral visual stream known to be important for visual symbol recognition seems to contribute to accurate and efficient math problem solving.

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