ScholarWorks@중앙대학교

초록

A headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME)-Arrow method coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was optimized for the quantification of six toxic carbonyl compounds and furan derivatives in fruit wines. The optimized extraction method parameters were a sample volume of 5 mL, HS-SPME-Arrow extraction with a divinylbenzene/carbon wide range/polydimethylsiloxane fiber, extraction time of 30 min, and temperature of 40 °C. Method validation using model dry and sweet wines demonstrated good linearity (r2 > 0.9976), low detection limits (0.9–1.9 μg/L), and satisfactory recovery (90.4–108.8 %). A total of 38 commercial fruit wine samples were analyzed using the optimized method. Acetaldehyde and formaldehyde were detected in nearly all samples, with acetaldehyde reaching up to 41.78 mg/L in plum wines. Ethyl carbamate was found mainly in plum and peach wines (up to 0.14 mg/L), while acrolein was detected only in wild grape wines. Furfural and furfuryl alcohol were present at low levels in the samples. Risk assessment was performed using the margin of exposure (MOE) approach based on grape wine consumption in Korea. The daily intake of grape wine by the total Korean adult population was 0.99–3.29 g/day, depending on gender and age groups. The MOE values for all toxicants ranged from 57022 to 368808081, suggesting no health concern associated with exposure to these compounds through grape wine consumption in Korea. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

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