韓國語 二次 敍述 構文의 意味 辨別과 相 構造

초록

This paper addresses the syntax and semantics of Korean secondary predicate constructions, depictives and resultatives. In doing so we argue that they are separated morphologically, that is, they are marked by different particles, {-a(se)} and {-ke} respectively. They differ in their lexical compositions: {-a(se)} is a contracted form of two syntactic items {-a-} and {-se}, and the former means the duration of a state, a predicate marker and the latter exhibits the time-relation between two events, that is a temporal event sequencer. Whereas {-ke} is merely a predicate marker, a complementiser without a temporal relation. Then depictives are T-projections and relsultatives are non T-projections. So we propose that two different morphemes {-a(se)} and {-ke} reflect the different aspectual structures between Korean dipictives and resultatives, that is atelic vs. telic. We can identify those properties with the test 「-tongan」 vs. 「-mane」 respectively. Korean, however, is not the only language available with morphological differences in two types of constructions. It is relevant in languages like Japanese and Finnish. But such a claim is not readily applicable in languages like English, due to a superficial syntactic similarity between depictives and resultatives. So we propose a language typology abided by morphological distinction:(i) a language typology abided by morphological distinction a. morphologically attested:① attested in verb/adjective secondary predicates: Korean, Finnish ② attested in noun secondary predicates: Japanese b. morphologically not-attested ① but distinct in the position: Chinese ② non-distinct in the position: English, German

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